Licensing of Premises - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 997 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Report Tags: Act Essay Did you like this example? Licensing of Premises for Solemnisation of Civil Marriages Objective Our client owns a large yacht. He wishes to use it for profit-making ventures. To this end, he seeks advice as to the possibility of it becoming a venue for wedding ceremonies for what he describes as â€Å"discerning couples†. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Licensing of Premises" essay for you Create order If this is possible in principle, he wishes to be advised as to two possible scenarios: first, its use as a venue for this purpose by a particular individual who wishes to arrange a forthcoming ceremony; second, its potential use in the future by such couples. Conclusion Mr Roche will be able to secure the licensing of his boat by the local authority provided that he is prepared to fulfil certain detailed requirements in order to obtain such licensing and observe various conditions as to the manner in which ceremonies are performed and the use of the building is regulated. The detailed requirements to which he would be subject are set out below but before proceeding our client should be aware of certain primary issues. The relevant regulations would require his boat to be permanently moored which might conflict with any other profit-making ventures which he has planned for the vessel. Licensing would be a long term commitment: it would not be possible, for example, simply to li cense for the anticipated wedding of his friend the premises would have to be available for other such couples thereafter. He should also be aware that any such ceremonies conducted on his boat would have to be open to members of the public. Report Section 1(2) of the Marriage Act 1994 amends the provisions of the Marriage Act 1949 to allow for the making of Regulations by the Chancellor of the Exchequer to allow for and to regulate the approval of premises by local authorities of premises for the solemnisation of marriages. The relevant provisions are contained in The Marriages (Approved Premises) Regulations 1995[1] which came into force on 1st April 1995. The fact that our client proposes the use of a boat is not necessarily an impediment. â€Å"Premises† are defined by Reg. 2(1) as â€Å"a permanently immovable structure comprising at least a room, or any boat or other vessel which is permanently moored† [emphasis supplied]. Our client should be aware, therefore, that compliance with this stipulation and the consequent licensing of his boat for such use may severely restrict his ability to use it for other money-making ventures such as , for example, charter trips. Our client does not at this stage require detailed guidance as to the application procedure but this may be found when required in the main body of the Regulations (regs.3-13). It is sufficient for present purposes to observe that the grant of such licences and their subsequent supervision are the responsibility of the local authority in whose area (in this instance) the boat is permanently moored. Mr Roche should be aware in particular of the content of each of the two Schedules to the Regulations. The first sets out certain â€Å"requirements† for the grant of approval and the second various â€Å"conditions† which are to be attached to such a grant, if made. The salient requirements of which he should be aware are: The premises must be of appropriate construction, in good repair and a â€Å"seemly and dignified venue† in which to conduct such ceremonies. (In this regard, there may well be scope for a degree of subjectivity on the part of the local authority and the current naming of our client‘s vessel as ‘The Randy Rodent‘ may have to be reconsidered); The premises must be regularly available to the public for use for the solemnisation of marriages (particular care should be taken to note this requirement since our client will doubtless be aware of the recent fiasco surrounding the eleventh-hour relocation of the ‘Charles and Camilla‘ wedding on the ground that this requirement would not be fulfilled); All necessary fire precautions and applicable Fire Regulations must be observed; There must be no recent or current connection of the premises with the practice of religion; The particular room (cabin?) in which the ceremonies are to be performed must form a distinct part of the premises and be separate from any other activities on board at the time of the ceremony; Our client will have to act as or deputise to an appropriate â€Å"responsible person† to supervise the vessel for an hour before and then during the ceremony to ensure compliance with these conditions; No food and drink may be sold or consumed in the â€Å"marriage cabin† during the ceremony and for at least an hour before; As the â€Å"responsible person†, our client must ensure that the ceremony is entirely secular in nature. This may seem straightforward but Mr Roche should be warned that under present legislation the use of such apparently innocuous music as Cat Stevens’ â€Å"Morning has Broken† or even Robbie Williams’ â€Å"Angels† is prohibited. (This apparently absurd anomaly is however currently the subject of attempt to revise the Regulations.); Public access to any ceremony of marriage so conducted will have to be allowed. Commencement As stated, the Marriages (Approved Premises) Regulations 1995 came into force on 1st April 1995. References Research was conducted by accessing Halsbury’s Laws Direct (Lexis/Nexis). The search term â€Å"marriage† is of itself too wide. However â€Å"marriage ceremony† yields some 46 hits which can be quickly reviewed by title alone in order to locate: MATRIMONIAL LAW 2. MARRIAGE (3) MARRIAGE (iv) Celebration in England and Wales E. MARRIAGES ON APPROVED PREMISES Paras. 103 et seq contain references to the Marriage Act 1994 and The Marriages (Approved Premises) Regulations 1995 which can be accessed at www.hmso.gov.uk. A general internet search using the keywords â€Å"approval/ceremonies/ civil/marriages† produces inter alia news reports upon the proposed relaxation upon the ban on religious music etc. Updating The commencement and current validity of the legislation was verified by use of the Halsburyâ€⠄¢s Laws Direct ‘Is it in Force?’ facility. In any event, the secondary legislation bears its own commencement date. 1 Footnotes [1] SI 1995/510

The Department Of Defense Subcontracting Plan Programs,...

This paper will elaborate the Department of Defense subcontracting plan programs, Acts, and policies that are in effect. Furthermore, will detail the type of subcontracting plans, when they apply, procedures, and routing given by the Federal Acquisition Regulation. Following will explain how subcontracting plans are utilized in source selections, the economic impacts subcontracting has on small businesses, and how subcontracting plans are managed. Acts and Policies The Small Business Act, and subsequent reassuring public laws direct that the Government place a fair portion of its acquisitions, including contracts and subcontracts for subsystems, assemblies, components, and related services for major systems, with Small Business concerns, HUBZone Small Business, Small Disadvantaged Business, Women-Owned Small Business, Veteran-Owned Small Business, Service Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business, Historically Black Colleges and Universities/Minority Institutions, Hispanic-Serving Institutions, and Tribal Council Universities. Federal Policy FAR 19.201(a) states that it is â€Å"the policy of the Government to provide maximum practicable opportunities in its acquisitions to small business, veteran-owned small business, service-disabled veteran-owned small business, HUBZone small business, small disadvantaged business, and women-owned small business concerns. 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The Lost Duke of Wyndham Chapter Four Free Essays

Ten minutes later Grace was in the Wyndham carriage, alone with the dowager, trying to remember just why she’d told Thomas he shouldn’t commit his grandmother to an asylum. In the last five minutes the dowager had: Turned the carriage around. Shoved Grace out and to the ground, where she’d landed awkwardly on her right ankle. We will write a custom essay sample on The Lost Duke of Wyndham Chapter Four or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sent the Willoughby sisters on their way without the slightest explanation. Had the Wyndham carriage brought around. Outfitted aforementioned carriage with six large footmen. Had Grace tossed inside. (The footman doing the tossing had apologized as he’d done so, but still.) â€Å"Ma’am?† Grace asked hesitantly. They were speeding along at a rate that could not be considered safe, but the dowager kept banging her walking stick against the wall, bellowing at the driver to move faster. â€Å"Ma’am? Where are we going?† â€Å"You know very well.† Grace waited one careful moment, then said, â€Å"I’m sorry, ma’am, I don’t.† The dowager speared her with an angry stare. â€Å"We don’t know where he is,† Grace pointed out. â€Å"We will find him.† â€Å"But, ma’am – â€Å" â€Å"Enough!† the dowager ground out. Her voice was not loud, but it contained sufficient passion to silence Grace immediately. After a moment passed, she stole a glance at the older woman. She was sitting ramrod straight – too straight, really, for a ride in the carriage, and her right hand was bent and angled like a claw, pulling back the curtain so she might see outside. Trees. That’s all there was to see. Grace couldn’t imagine why the dowager was staring out so intently. â€Å"If you saw him,† the dowager said, her low voice cutting into Grace’s thoughts, â€Å"then he is still in the district.† Grace said nothing. The dowager wasn’t looking at her, in any case. â€Å"Which means,† the icy voice continued, â€Å"that there are only a very few places he might be. Three posting inns in the vicinity. That is all.† Grace rested her forehead in her hand. It was a sign of weakness, something she usually tried not to display in front of the dowager, but there was no maintaining a stiff facade now. They were going to kidnap him. She, Grace Catriona Eversleigh, who had never so much as nicked a ha’penny ribbon from a fair, was going to be party to what had to be a high crime. â€Å"Dear Lord,† she whispered. â€Å"Shut up,† the dowager snapped, â€Å"and make yourself useful.† Grace grit her teeth. How the devil did the dowager think she could be useful? Surely any manhandling that needed doing would be performed by the footmen, each of whom stood, as per Belgrave regulations, five feet eleven inches tall. And no, she did not mistake their purpose on the journey. When she had looked askance at the dowager, the reply had been a terse, â€Å"My grandson might need convincing.† Now, the dowager growled, â€Å"Look out the window,† speaking to her as if she’d turned idiot overnight. â€Å"You got the best look at him.† Dear God, she would gratefully forfeit five years off her life just to be anywhere but inside this carriage. â€Å"Ma’am, I said – he was at the end of the drive. I didn’t really see him.† â€Å"You did last night.† Grace had been trying not to look at her, but at that, she could not help but stare. â€Å"I saw you kissing him,† the dowager hissed. â€Å"And I will warn you now. Don’t try to rise above your station.† â€Å"Ma’am, he kissed me.† â€Å"He is my grandson,† the dowager spat, â€Å"and he may very well be the true Duke of Wyndham, so do not be getting any ideas. You are valued as my companion, but that is all.† Grace could not find the outrage to react to the insult. Instead, she could only stare at the dowager in horror, unable to believe that she had actually spoken the words. The true Duke of Wyndham. Even the very suggestion of it was scandalous. Would she throw over Thomas so easily, strip him of his birthright, of his very name? Wyndham was not just a title Thomas held, it was who he was. But if the dowager publicly championed the highwayman as the true heir†¦dear God, Grace could not even imagine the depth of the scandal it would create. The impostor would be proven illegitimate, of course – there could be no other outcome, surely – but the damage would be done. There would always be those who whispered that maybe Thomas wasn’t really the duke, that maybe he ought not be so secure in his conceits, because he wasn’t truly entitled to them, was he? Grace could not imagine what this would do to him. To all of them. â€Å"Ma’am,† she said, her voice quavering slightly. â€Å"You cannot think that this man could be legitimate.† â€Å"Of course I can,† the dowager snapped. â€Å"His manners were impeccable – â€Å" â€Å"He was a highwayman!† â€Å"One with a fine bearing and perfectly correct accent,† the dowager retorted. â€Å"Whatever his current station, he was brought up properly and given a gentleman’s education.† â€Å"But that does not mean – â€Å" â€Å"My son died on a boat,† the dowager interrupted, her voice hard, â€Å"after he’d spent eight months in Ireland. Eight bloody months that were supposed to be four weeks. He went to attend a wedding. A wedding.† Her body seemed to harden as she paused, her teeth grinding together at the memory. â€Å"And not even of anyone worth mentioning. Just some school friend whose parents bought themselves a title and bludgeoned their way into Eton, as if that could make them better than they were.† Grace’s eyes widened. The dowager’s voice had descended into a low, venomous hiss, and without even meaning to, Grace moved closer to the window. It felt toxic to be so close to her right now. â€Å"And then†¦Ã¢â‚¬  the dowager continued. â€Å"And then! All I received was a three-sentence note, written in someone else’s hand, reporting that he was having such a fine time that he believed he was going to remain.† Grace blinked. â€Å"He didn’t write it himself?† she asked, unsure why she found this detail so curious. â€Å"He signed it,† the dowager said brusquely. â€Å"And sealed it with his ring. He knew I couldn’t decipher his scrawl.† She sat back, her face contorting with decades old anger and resentment. â€Å"Eight months,† she muttered. â€Å"Eight stupid, useless months. Who is to say he did not marry some harlot over there? He had ample time.† Grace watched her for several moments. Her nose was in the air, and she gave every indication of haughty anger, but something was not quite right. Her lips were pinching and twisting, and her eyes were suspiciously bright. â€Å"Ma’am – † Grace said gently. â€Å"Don’t,† the dowager said, her voice sounding as if it might crack. Grace considered the wisdom of speaking, then decided there was too much at stake to remain silent. â€Å"Your grace, it simply cannot be,† she began, somehow maintaining her courage despite the withering expression on the dowager’s face. â€Å"This is not a humble country entail. This is not Sillsby,† she added, swallowing the lump that formed in her throat at the mention of her childhood home. â€Å"We are speaking of Belgrave. Of a dukedom. Heirs apparent do not simply vanish into the mist. If your son had had a son, we would have known.† The dowager stared at her for an uncomfortably sharp moment, then said, â€Å"We will try the Happy Hare first. It is the least uncouth of all the local posting inns.† She settled back against the cushion, staring straight ahead as she said, â€Å"If he is anything like his father, he will be too fond of his comforts for anything less.† Jack was already feeling like an idiot when a sack was thrown over his head. So this was it, then. He knew he’d stayed too long. The whole ride back he’d berated himself for the fool he was. He should have left after breakfast. He should have left at dawn. But no, he had to get drunk the night before, and then he had to ride out to that bloody castle. And then he’d seen her. If he hadn’t seen her, he would never have remained at the end of the drive for so long. And then he wouldn’t have ridden off with such speed. And had to rest and water his mount. And he certainly wouldn’t have been standing by the trough like a bloody bull’s-eye when someone attacked him from behind. â€Å"Bind him,† a gruff voice said. It was enough to set every pore in his body into fighting mode. A man did not spend his life so close to the noose without preparing for those two words. It didn’t matter that he couldn’t see. It didn’t matter that he had no idea who they were or why they’d come for him. He fought. And he knew how to fight, clean and dirty. But there were three of them at least, possibly more, and he managed only two good punches before he was facedown in the dirt, his hands yanked behind his back and bound with†¦ Well, it wasn’t rope. Almost felt like silk, truth be told. â€Å"Sorry,† one of his captors mumbled, which was odd. Men in the business of tying up other men rarely thought to offer apologies. â€Å"Think nothing of it,† Jack returned, then cursed himself for his insolence. All his little quip earned him was a mouth full of burlap dust. â€Å"This way,† someone said, helping him to his feet. And Jack could do nothing but obey. â€Å"Er, if you please,† the first voice said – the one who’d ordered him bound. â€Å"Care to tell me where I’m going?† Jack inquired. There was quite a bit of hemming and hawing. Minions. These were minions. He sighed. Minions never knew the important things. â€Å"Er, can you step up?† And then, before Jack could oblige, or even say, â€Å"Beg pardon,† he was roughly hoisted into the air and tumbled into what had to be a carriage. â€Å"Put him on a seat,† a voice barked. He knew that voice. It was the old lady. His grandmother. Well, at least he wasn’t off to be hanged. â€Å"Don’t suppose someone will see to my horse,† Jack said. â€Å"See to his horse,† the old lady snapped. Jack allowed himself to be moved onto a seat, not a particularly easy maneuver, bound and blindfolded as he was. â€Å"Don’t suppose you’ll untie my hands,† he said. â€Å"I’m not stupid,† was the old lady’s reply. â€Å"No,† he said with a false sigh. â€Å"I didn’t think you were. Beauty and stupidity never go as hand in hand as one might wish.† â€Å"I am sorry I had to take you this way,† the old lady said. â€Å"But you left me no choice.† â€Å"No choice,† Jack mused. â€Å"Yes, of course. Because I’ve done so much to escape your clutches up to now.† â€Å"If you had intended to call upon me,† the old lady said sharply, â€Å"you would not have ridden off earlier this afternoon.† Jack felt himself smile mockingly. â€Å"She told you, then,† he said, wondering why he’d thought she might not. â€Å"Miss Eversleigh?† So that was her name. â€Å"She had no choice,† the old lady said dismissively, as if the wishes of Miss Eversleigh were something she rarely considered. And then Jack felt it. A slight brush of air beside him. A faint rustle of movement. She was there. The elusive Miss Eversleigh. The silent Miss Eversleigh. The delicious Miss Eversleigh. â€Å"Remove his hood,† he heard his grandmother order. â€Å"You’re going to suffocate him.† Jack waited patiently, affixing a lazy smile onto his face – it was not, after all, the expression they would expect, and thus the one he most wished to display. He heard her make a noise – Miss Eversleigh, that was. It wasn’t a sigh exactly, and not a groan, either. It was something he couldn’t quite place. Weary resignation, perhaps. Or maybe – The hood came off, and he took a moment to savor the cool air on his face. Then he looked at her. It was mortification. That’s what it had been. Poor Miss Eversleigh looked miserable. A more gracious gentleman would have turned away, but he wasn’t feeling overly charitable at the moment, and so he treated himself to a lengthy perusal of her face. She was lovely, although not in any predictable manner. No English rose was she, not with that glorious dark hair and shining blue eyes that tilted up ever-so-slightly at the edges. Her lashes were dark and sooty, in stark contrast to the pale perfection of her skin. Of course, that paleness might have been a result of her extreme discomfort. The poor girl looked as if she might cast up her accounts at any moment. â€Å"Was it that bad, kissing me?† he murmured. She turned scarlet. â€Å"Apparently so.† He turned to his grandmother and said in his most conversational tone, â€Å"I hope you realize this is a hanging offense.† â€Å"I am the Duchess of Wyndham,† she replied with a haughty lift of her brow. â€Å"Nothing is a hanging offense.† â€Å"Ah, the unfairness of life,† he said with a sigh. â€Å"Wouldn’t you agree, Miss Eversleigh?† She looked as if she wanted to speak. Indeed, the poor girl was most definitely biting her tongue. â€Å"Now if you were the perpetrator in this little crime,† he continued, allowing his eyes to slide insolently from her face to her bosom and back, â€Å"this would all be so very different.† Her jaw tightened. â€Å"It would be,† he murmured, allowing his gaze to fall to her lips, â€Å"rather lovely, I think. Just think – you, me, alone in this exceedingly luxurious carriage.† He sighed contentedly and sat back. â€Å"The imagination runs wild.† He waited for the old lady to defend her. She did not. â€Å"Care to share your plans for me?† he asked, propping one ankle over the opposite knee as he slouched in his seat. It wasn’t an easy position to achieve, with his hands still stuck behind him, but he was damned if he’d sit up straight and polite. The old lady turned to him, her lips pinched. â€Å"Most men would not complain.† He shrugged. â€Å"I am not most men.† Then he offered a half smile and turned to Miss Eversleigh. â€Å"A rather banal rejoinder on my part, wouldn’t you say? So obvious. A novice could have come up with it.† He shook his head as if disappointed. â€Å"I do hope I’m not losing my touch.† Her eyes widened. He grinned. â€Å"You think I’m mad.† â€Å"Oh, yes,† she said, and he rather enjoyed her voice again, washing warmly over him. â€Å"It’s something to consider.† He turned to the old lady. â€Å"Does madness run in the family?† â€Å"Of course not,† she snapped. â€Å"Well, that’s a relief. Not,† he added, â€Å"that I am acknowledging a connection. I don’t believe I wish to be associated with cutthroats such as yourself. Tsk tsk. Even I have never resorted to kidnapping.† He leaned forward, as if imparting a very grave confidence to Miss Eversleigh. â€Å"It’s very bad form, you know.† And he thought – oh, how lovely – that he saw her lips twitch. Miss Eversleigh had a sense of humor. She was growing more delectable by the second. He smiled at her. He knew how to do it, too. He knew exactly how to smile at a woman to make her feel it deep inside. He smiled at her. And she blushed. Which made him smile even more. â€Å"Enough,† the old lady snapped. He feigned innocence. â€Å"Of what?† He looked at her, at this woman who was most probably his grandmother. Her face was pinched and lined, the corners of her mouth pulled down by the weight of an eternal frown. She’d look unhappy even if she smiled, he thought. Even if somehow she managed to get that mouth to form a crescent in the correct direction – No, he decided. It wouldn’t work. She’d never manage it. She’d probably expire from the exertion. â€Å"Leave my companion alone,† she said tersely. He leaned toward Miss Eversleigh, giving her a lopsided smile even though she was quite determinedly looking away. â€Å"Was I bothering you?† â€Å"No,† she said quickly. â€Å"Of course not.† Which couldn’t have been further from the truth, but who was he to quibble? He turned back to the old lady. â€Å"You didn’t answer my question.† She lifted an imperious brow. Ah, he thought, completely without humor, that was where he got the expression. â€Å"What do you plan to do with me?† he asked. â€Å"Do with you.† She repeated the words curiously, as if she found them most strange. He lifted a brow right back at her, wondering if she’d recognize the gesture. â€Å"There are a great many options.† â€Å"My dear boy,† she began. Her tone was grand. Condescending. As if he’d only needed this to realize that he ought to be licking her boots. â€Å"I’m going to give you the world.† Grace had just about managed to regain her equilibrium when the highwayman, after a lengthy and thoughtful frown, turned to the dowager and said, â€Å"I don’t believe I’m interested in your world.† A bubble of horrified laughter burst forth from her throat. Oh dear heavens, the dowager looked ready to spit. Grace clamped a hand over her mouth and turned away, trying not to notice that the highwayman was positively grinning at her. â€Å"Apologies,† he said to the dowager, not sounding the least bit contrite. â€Å"But can I have her world instead?† Grace’s head snapped back around in time to see him nodding in her direction. He shrugged. â€Å"I like you better.† â€Å"Are you never serious?† the dowager bit off. And then he changed. His body did not move from its slouch, but Grace could feel the air around him coiling with tension. He was a dangerous man. He hid this well with his lazy charm and insolent smile. But he was not a man to be crossed. She was sure of it. â€Å"I’m always serious,† he said, his eyes never leaving those of the dowager. â€Å"You’d do well to take note of that.† â€Å"I’m so sorry,† Grace whispered, the words slipping out before she had a chance to consider them. The gravity of the situation was bearing down on her with uncomfortable intensity. She had been so worried about Thomas and what this would all mean for him. But in that moment it was brought home to her that there were two men caught in this web. And whatever this man was, whoever he was, he did not deserve this. Perhaps he would want life as a Cavendish, with its riches and prestige. Most men would. But he deserved the choice. Everyone deserved a choice. She looked over at him then, forcing herself to bring her eyes to his face. She had been avoiding his gaze as much as she could, but her cowardice suddenly felt distasteful. He must have felt her watching him, because he turned. His dark hair fell forward over his brow, and his eyes – a spectacular shade of mossy green – grew warm. â€Å"I do like you better,† he murmured, and she thought – hoped? – that she saw a flicker of respect in his gaze. And then, quick as a blink, the moment was gone. His mouth slid into that cocky half smile and he let out a pent-up breath before saying, â€Å"It’s a compliment.† It was on the tip of her tongue to say, Thank you, as ridiculous as that seemed, but then he shrugged – one shoulder only, as if that was all he could be bothered with – and added, â€Å"Of course, I would imagine that the only person I would like less than our esteemed countess – â€Å" â€Å"Duchess,† the dowager snapped. He paused, gave her a blandly haughty stare, then turned back to Grace. â€Å"As I was saying, the only person I would like less than her† – he jerked his head toward the dowager, not even honoring her with a direct glance – â€Å"would be the French menace himself, so I suppose it’s not that much of a compliment, but I did want you to know that it was sincerely given.† Grace tried not to smile, but he always seemed to be looking at her as if they were sharing a joke, just the two of them, and she knew that it was making the dowager more furious by the second. A glance across the carriage confirmed this; the dowager looked even more starched and upset than usual. Grace turned back to the highwayman, as much out of self-preservation as anything else. The dowager showed every sign of an imminent tirade, but after her performance the night before, Grace knew that she was far too besotted with the idea of her long-lost grandson to make him her target. â€Å"What is your name?† Grace asked him, since it seemed the most obvious question. â€Å"My name?† Grace nodded. He turned to the dowager with an expression of great scolding. â€Å"Funny that you haven’t asked me yet.† He shook his head. â€Å"Shameful manners. All the best kidnappers know their victims’ names.† â€Å"I am not kidnapping you!† the dowager burst out. There was an uncomfortable moment of silence, and then his voice emerged like silk. â€Å"I misunderstand the bindings, then.† Grace looked warily at the dowager. She’d never appreciated sarcasm unless it emerged from her own lips, and she would never allow him the last word. And indeed, when she spoke, her words were clipped and stiff, and colored blue with the blood of one secure in her own superiority. â€Å"I am restoring you to your proper place in this world.† â€Å"I see,† he said slowly. â€Å"Good,† the dowager said briskly. â€Å"We are in accord, then. All that remains is for us to – â€Å" â€Å"My proper place,† he said, cutting her off. â€Å"Indeed.† â€Å"In the world.† Grace realized that she was holding her breath. She could not look away, could not take her eyes off his when he murmured, â€Å"The conceit. It’s remarkable.† His voice was soft, almost thoughtful, and it cut to the bone. The dowager turned sharply toward the window, and Grace searched her face for something – anything – that might have shown her humanity, but she remained stiff and hard, and her voice betrayed no emotion when she said, â€Å"We are almost home.† They were turning down the drive, passing the very spot where Grace had seen him earlier that afternoon. â€Å"So you are,† the highwayman said, glancing out the window. â€Å"You will come to regard it as home,† the dowager stated, her voice imperious and exacting and, more than anything else, final. He did not respond. But he didn’t need to. They all knew what he was thinking. Never. How to cite The Lost Duke of Wyndham Chapter Four, Essay examples

Language and Racism

Question: Discuss about the Language and Racism. Answer: Introduction Language is primarily the greatest source of unity in the history of human civilization up to date. Having the ability to master a few words in the language of another stranger is important in building rapport and long lasting relations between people. Language essentially breaks down any instances of animosity and selfishness. It is a unifying factor to most people. For instance, colonial domination was fronted on the back of using a similar language to unite the people under one. However, while language has been vital in establishing unity, it has also created divisions in societies whereby people are identified by their languages. Internationally, inability to speak one language has been a key factor used to categorize people. As a result racial lines have been clearly established. Language and Racism Essentially, language presents a safe haven for people to peddle and hurl abuses at one another because of the misunderstanding that exits between one language and another. It provides the safest net that no one is easily caught unlike any other avenue that peddles mistrust and dishonesty. Racism therefore feeds of the virtual presence of language in conversations (Blair et al, 2017). In most cases, people have been judged because of what is thought of their language. There is always bound to be instances that people have to identify the use of certain phrases in certain languages. Therefore, anyone who is found using them is generally thought as belonging to that particular race. In other words, language categorizes individuals based on their utterances. When people have a virtual hideout, it arms them with the most of the vile and visceral words that can be used to target a particular race (Bock, 2016). In essence, language has a closer relationship with one another in that occurre nce of one transpires into another and vice versa. Racism is therefore prevalent in this conducive atmosphere that is created by comfort and virtual nature of language as a result. Diversity reflected by language means that different people will be best suited to speak particular languages that they have a closer relationship. This takes place either regionally or internationally as well. Consequently, it leads to the creation of distinct groups of people forged by a common language. Basically, the existence of such groups makes one of them dominant and hence an aim to establish superiority and relevance within a national or an international outlook. The quest for identity as stated by Moore (2015) implies that one of the languages will emerge dominant which will then form an avenue that some of those who do not profess knowledge to belong in the language spoken by this group will be deemed as unequal members of the society. In Eastern Europe, racism has primarily been advanced through the language spectrum in a manner that articulation of certain words differentiates them from the rest of the population (Bailey Stallings, 2017). They therefore end up as ridic ule and toasted about. In this case, language has been used as a divisive tool. The existence of language in a number of ways, types and perspectives means that certain people are not able to articulate certain syllables when they make an attempt to learn a foreign language. The lack of articulate prowess when called upon to speak a foreign language means that such people will be judge by where they come from based on their accents and general use of the words. It is easy to place a person on the race she or he belongs based on language. Certain sounds are not applicable or available in a number of languages and this means that language will be a key factor in establishing where such people stay and most importantly their racial orientation. Most importantly is the fact that the differences within the native speakers of the language. While the international differences in syllables indicate where a certain speaker comes from or lives, locally language establishes the rank of an individual. A persons social standing is forged on the manner they speak (Van Djik, 2015). For instance, the English language has various articulation of words which sets the stage for identification of people on the rank parameter. The United Kingdom, people of power are supposed to speak with a particular accent that is not common among others (Wiley, 2014). Those who attempt to change the status quo are easily and identified and ranked as well. Unsurprisingly, they are bound to occupy the lower part of the food chain with regard to language structure. Language is an emotive issue centering on day to day interactions among human beings. It therefore crops up in most conversations in a manner that connects to the emotional part of humans. It provides an identity to people all over the world. Therefore, the fact that it touches at the epicenter of human history and interaction, according to Rampton (2014) means that it bound to reflect a number of issues that connects with the human aspect. For instance, people are always bound to respond with a personal touch whenever their language is the center of attention. According to Souhami (2014), they will defend what identifies them more often than anything else. It therefore establishes the dependence on language to provide solutions to the social and political challenges by virtue of their language. This is common among cosmopolitan countries such as the United States whereby identity is recognized through language. As a consequence, there are more tendencies to fall into the racial line s because it is easily identifiable as well. Conclusion In conclusion, from time immemorial, language has always been a source of identity among people of different cultures, ethnic groups, religion and most importantly race. However, an increase in the diversity of language today means that the identity spectrum has been shifted to imply where people are coming from. As revealed in the essay, language is imminently the center of racial divide particularly in the industrial world where nation states exist and so most of the people are bound to speak a similar language as well phraseology, articulation and accent. The wider scope presented by language therefore means that racism is easily perpetrated on such mechanisms. All in all, while a twisted view of identity is presented by the diversity of language, it is still important that language is a source of pride for the people but not used to advance racial, cultural, social and even political superiority in the pretext of individual, group or national pride. References Bailey, M. M., Stallings, L. H. (2017). Antiblack Racism and the Metalanguage of Sexuality. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 42(3), 614-621. Blair, K., Dunn, K. M., Kamp, A., Alam, O. (2017). Challenging Racism Project 2015-16 National Survey Report. Bock, M. A. (2017). The News Flip Exercise: Finding patriarchy, racism and other forms of bias in language. Teaching Media Quarterly, 4(2), 3. Moore, R. B. (2006). Racism in the English language. The production of reality: Essays and readings on social interaction, 119. Rampton, B. (2014). Crossings: Language and ethnicity among adolescents. Routledge. Policing and Society, 24(1), 1-21. Souhami, A. (2014). Institutional racism and police reform: An empirical critique. Van Dijk, T. A. (2015). Racism and the Press (Vol. 5). Routledge. Wiley, T. G. (2014). Diversity, super-diversity, and monolingual language ideology in the United States: Tolerance or intolerance?. Review of Research in Education, 38(1), 1-32.